From what it sounds like you are trying to do it looks like you may be better off putting the stored variables into the ModuleSettings table. This is fairly straight forward, but it always helps to have an example.
Have a look through some of the core DNN modules for these or simply search for the following class in the DNN project, ModuleSettings.
Or if they are extremely constant (e.g. like the database connection string) it may be worthwhile putting the variables into an application config file, although I'm not sure if this is 100% possible if you want to package and distribute your module.
If the values you are grabbing from the database have more details than a key and value (e.g. like the contacts module), then you will need to setup a lot more than just the database table to get a DNN v2 compatable module. If you are struggling with understanding the DNN Provider module, I suggest you take a look at Bonosoft's
website and follow his excellent tutorial.
Some other tools that may help you also are the DNN VS.2K3 Templates available at DNN Jungle and CodeSmith. I have found they help immensely when setting up a new project.
Hope this helps,